:root{--g:#16a34a;--bg:#ffffff;--fg:#0f172a;--muted:#475569;--card:#ffffff;--bd:#e5e7eb}*{box-sizing:border-box}html,body,.container,.layout{overflow:visible!important}body{font-family:"Onest",system-ui,-apple-system,Segoe UI,Roboto,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Arial,sans-serif;color:var(--fg);line-height:1.65}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}.container{max-width:1200px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 14px;overflow:visible}.header{padding:28px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--bd);max-width:900px;margin:0 auto}.badge{display:inline-block;background:#e8f5ec;color:#065f46;padding:6px 10px;border-radius:999px;font-weight:800;font-size:11px}.h1{margin:8px 0 6px;font-size:30px;line-height:1.22;font-weight:900}.meta{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;color:var(--muted);font-size:13px;flex-wrap:wrap}.figure{border:1px solid var(--bd);border-radius:12px;overflow:hidden;margin-top:16px}.layout{display:grid!important;grid-template-columns:1fr;grid-template-areas:"main" "side";gap:24px;max-width:1200px;margin:0 auto;padding:20px 14px;align-items:start;overflow:visible}@media(min-width:1024px){.layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 320px;grid-template-areas:"main side"}}.main{grid-area:main;min-width:0}.card{background:var(--card);border:1px solid var(--bd);border-radius:14px;padding:18px;margin-bottom:28px}.card h2{margin:14px 0 10px;font-size:20px}.card h3{margin:12px 0 8px}.card p{margin:0 0 14px;color:var(--muted)}.card :is(p,ul,ol,pre,blockquote,.diagram,.tip,.warn,.ads){margin:0 0 14px}.card :is(p)+:is(p){margin-top:10px}.grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px}@media(min-width:860px){.grid.two{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.card{padding:20px;margin-bottom:32px}.grid{gap:18px}.card :is(p,ul,ol,pre,blockquote,.diagram,.tip,.warn,.ads){margin:0 0 16px}}pre{background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--bd);border-radius:12px;padding:12px;overflow:auto;font-size:13px;line-height:1.45;margin:0 0 16px}.kv{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:flex-start}.kv strong{min-width:170px;font-weight:600}.kv p{margin:0}.tip{background:#f6fdf8;border-left:4px solid var(--g);padding:10px;border-radius:10px;color:#065f46}.warn{background:#fff7ed;border-left:4px solid #f59e0b;padding:10px;border-radius:10px;color:#92400e}.diagram{width:100%;background:linear-gradient(180deg,#eef6f0 0%,var(--bg) 100%);border:1px solid var(--bd);border-radius:12px;padding:16px;margin:0 0 16px}.ads{margin:20px auto;display:block;min-height:60px}.sidebar{grid-area:side;position:sticky!important;top:130px;align-self:start;height:max-content}.widget{background:var(--card);border:1px solid var(--bd);border-radius:14px;padding:16px;margin-bottom:20px}.widget h3{margin:0 0 12px;font-size:16px;font-weight:700}.reading-time{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;margin-bottom:12px}.time-icon{width:44px;height:44px;background:#f3f4f6;border-radius:50%;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#16a34a}.time-min{font-size:18px;font-weight:800}.share-row{display:flex;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap}.share{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:50%;background:#f3f4f6;color:#334155}.share:focus,.share:hover{outline:0;background:#16a34a;color:#fff}.toc{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;max-height:420px;overflow:auto}.toc a{display:flex;gap:6px;align-items:center;font-size:14px;color:#334155}.toc a:before{content:"#";color:#16a34a;font-weight:800}.sidebar .adsbox{padding:0}.btn{display:inline-block;background:var(--g);color:#fff;padding:10px 14px;border-radius:12px;font-weight:800}
/* Ad container styling for proper layout and CLS prevention */
.ad-container {
  margin: 20px auto;
  display: block;
  text-align: center;
}

/* CTA (Call to Action) button group styling */
.cta {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

/* Ghost button variant for secondary actions */
.btn-ghost {
  display: inline-block;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--g);
  border: 1px solid var(--g);
  padding: 10px 14px;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
}

.btn-ghost:hover,
.btn-ghost:focus {
  background: var(--g);
  color: #fff;
  outline: 0;
}

/* Small text styling for disclaimers */
.small {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-top: 8px;
}

/* Three-column grid variant */
@media (min-width: 860px) {
  .grid.three {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  }
}

/* Table styling for comparison tables */
.table {
  display: grid;
  border: 1px solid var(--bd);
  border-radius: 12px;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.table .row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(120px, 1fr));
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--bd);
}

.table .row:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.table .cell {
  padding: 12px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--bd);
  font-size: 14px;
}

.table .cell:last-child {
  border-right: none;
}

.table .row:first-child .cell {
  background: #f8fafc;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.table .cell.pro {
  color: #065f46;
}

.table .cell.con {
  color: #92400e;
}

/* Comments section styling */
.comments {
  margin: 32px 0;
  padding: 24px;
  background: var(--card);
  border: 1px solid var(--bd);
  border-radius: 14px;
}

.section-title {
  margin: 0 0 20px;
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* Disqus thread container */
#disqus_thread {
  min-height: 200px;
}

/* Responsive adjustments for smaller screens */
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .cta {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
  }
  
  .table .row {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  
  .table .cell {
    border-right: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--bd);
  }
  
  .table .cell:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
  }
}

/* Remove sticky positioning on mobile */
@media (max-width: 1023px) {
  .layout {
    grid-template-areas: "side" "main";
  }
  
  .sidebar {
    position: static !important;
    top: auto;
  }
}


/* IP Address breakdown diagrams */
.ip-breakdown {
  background: #f8fafc;
  padding: 20px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin: 16px 0;
  border-left: 4px solid #16a34a;
}

.ip-breakdown .ip-address {
  font-size: 18px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.ip-breakdown .breakdown-line {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  margin: 8px 0;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.ip-breakdown .octet {
  display: inline-block;
  width: 60px;
  text-align: center;
  padding: 4px 8px;
  margin: 0 2px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-family: monospace;
  font-weight: bold;
}

.ip-breakdown .network-part {
  background-color: #dcfce7;
  border: 1px solid #16a34a;
  color: #166534;
}

.ip-breakdown .host-part {
  background-color: #fef3c7;
  border: 1px solid #f59e0b;
  color: #92400e;
}

.ip-breakdown .separator {
  margin: 0 4px;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-family: monospace;
}

/* Subnet calculation boxes */
.subnet-calc {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.subnet-item {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
}

.subnet-item .subnet-name {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.subnet-item .subnet-range {
  font-family: 'Courier New', Monaco, Consolas, monospace;
  font-size: 13px;
  color: #475569;
}

/* CLI Mode hierarchy display */
.cli-modes {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.mode-item {
  margin: 12px 0;
  padding: 12px;
  background: white;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border-left: 4px solid #16a34a;
}

.mode-prompt {
  font-family: 'Courier New', Monaco, Consolas, monospace;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.mode-desc {
  color: #64748b;
  font-size: 14px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.mode-arrow {
  color: #16a34a;
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-family: monospace;
}

/* CLI Example blocks */
.cli-example {
  background: #1a1a1a;
  color: #00ff00;
  padding: 16px;
  border-radius: 8px;
  margin: 16px 0;
  font-family: 'Courier New', Monaco, Consolas, monospace;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.cli-line {
  margin: 8px 0;
}

.cli-prompt {
  color: #ffffff;
  font-weight: bold;
}

.cli-command {
  color: #00ff00;
  margin-left: 4px;
}

.cli-output {
  margin: 8px 0 16px 0;
  color: #cccccc;
}

.cli-output div {
  margin: 2px 0;
  padding-left: 16px;
}

/* Cable category grid */
.cable-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(120px, 1fr));
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.cable-item {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 12px;
  text-align: center;
}

.cable-item.current {
  background: #dcfce7;
  border-color: #16a34a;
}

.cable-name {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.cable-specs {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #64748b;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

/* Wiring standards comparison */
.wiring-comparison {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 20px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.wiring-standard {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
}

.wiring-title {
  font-weight: bold;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  color: #0f172a;
}

.wire-order {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
}

.wire {
  padding: 4px 8px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: bold;
  text-align: center;
}

/* Connector grid */
.connector-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(140px, 1fr));
  gap: 16px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.connector-item {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
  text-align: center;
}

.connector-name {
  font-weight: bold;
  font-size: 16px;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.connector-desc {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #64748b;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* Decision tree */
.decision-tree {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.decision-node {
  margin: 12px 0;
  padding: 12px;
  background: white;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border-left: 4px solid #16a34a;
}

.question {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.yes-path, .no-path {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #64748b;
  margin: 4px 0;
}

.yes-path {
  color: #16a34a;
}

/* Learning process steps */
.learning-steps {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
  margin: 20px 0;
}

.step {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  background: #f8fafc;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
  border-left: 4px solid #16a34a;
}

.step-number {
  background: #16a34a;
  color: white;
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-right: 16px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.step-content {
  flex: 1;
}

.step-title {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.step-desc {
  color: #64748b;
  font-size: 14px;
}

/* MAC address table styling */
.mac-table {
  margin: 16px 0;
  overflow-x: auto;
}

/* Frame processing example */
.frame-example {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.scenario {
  background: #16a34a;
  color: white;
  padding: 12px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.scenario-title {
  font-weight: bold;
}

.processing-steps {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 12px;
}

.process-step {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 12px;
  padding: 8px;
  background: white;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.process-icon {
  font-size: 20px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.process-text {
  color: #0f172a;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

/* Status indicators */
.status-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(150px, 1fr));
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.status-item {
  padding: 12px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
}

.status-item.good {
  background: #dcfce7;
  border-color: #16a34a;
}

.status-item.warning {
  background: #fef3c7;
  border-color: #f59e0b;
}

.status-item.bad {
  background: #fef2f2;
  border-color: #ef4444;
}

.status-item.admin {
  background: #f1f5f9;
  border-color: #64748b;
}

.status-combo {
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.status-meaning {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #64748b;
}

/* Problem-solution pairs */
.problem-solution {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
  margin: 16px 0;
  padding: 16px;
  background: #f8fafc;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .problem-solution {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

.problem, .solution {
  padding: 12px;
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.problem {
  background: #fef2f2;
  border-left: 4px solid #ef4444;
}

.solution {
  background: #dcfce7;
  border-left: 4px solid #16a34a;
}

.problem-title, .solution-title {
  font-weight: bold;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.problem-desc {
  color: #64748b;
  font-size: 14px;
}

.solution-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 4px;
}

.solution-list div {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: #0f172a;
}

/* Domain comparison example */
.domain-example {
  background: #f8fafc;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 16px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.scenario-desc {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  text-align: center;
}

.domain-stats {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 16px;
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .domain-stats {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
}

.domain-stat {
  background: white;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 16px;
  text-align: center;
}

.stat-number {
  font-size: 36px;
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #16a34a;
}

.stat-label {
  font-weight: bold;
  color: #0f172a;
  margin: 8px 0 4px 0;
}

.stat-detail {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: #64748b;
}